Chemical formula 2

To understand the relationship between empirical formulas and molecular formulas, let's clarify their definitions: Empirical Formula: The simplest whole-number ratio of the elements in a compound. Molecular Formula: The actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule of the compound. Correct Statement The correct relationship is: Molecular formula divided by empirical formula equals a whole number n. Explanation, Molecular Formula / Empirical Formula = Whole Number n: This means that the molecular formula is a multiple of the empirical formula. If the empirical formula represents the simplest ratio of elements, the molecular formula can be obtained by multiplying the empirical formula by a whole number n

Group 7 elements (halogens) typically have an oxidation number of -1 when they are in compounds, although they can have positive oxidation states (such as +1, +3, +5, +7) in certain compounds. However, it is incorrect to state that they always have an oxidation number of +7.

to get the simplest ration divide the lowerest subscript by all the other subscript and itself and convert to nearest whole number

First is to get the correct balanced equation. First Hydrogen sulphide is H2S and sulphur Iv oxide . sulpur oxidation number is 4 and oxygen is -2 so two atoms of oxygen will be required in sulphur Iv oxide , giving SO2. Now get the balanced equation: 2H2S+ SO2= 3S + 2H2O, then based on the equation determine the stoichiometry i.e the number of mols of each element of compound. So 2 mole of H2S combines with 1 mole of SO2 to give 3 moles of sulphur and 2 moles of water. So based on this 1 mole of SO2 gives 3 moles of sulphur . how many moles of Sulphur is in 12g : 12/32= 0.375. so if one mole of sulphur IV oxide gives 3 moles of Sulphur how many moles of sulphur IV oxide will give 0.375 moles of sulphur: 0.375/3=0.125. now get the gram of so2. Molar mass is 64 hence g of 0.125mol will be 0.125x64=8g

The term "monoxide" specifically refers to a compound containing one oxygen atom and one other element (e.g., carbon monoxide, COtext{CO}CO). A compound containing five elements does not have a special nomenclature like "monoxide."

Decomposition Explanation: A decomposition reaction occurs when a single compound breaks down into two or more products. Here, mercuric oxide decomposes into mercury and oxygen. Other Options:Replacement: Not applicable; no elements are replacing one another. Combustion: Involves a substance reacting with oxygen, which does not describe this reaction. Oxidation: While oxygen is produced, the reaction is primarily a decomposition

First is to get the correct balanced equation. First Hydrogen sulphide is H2S and sulphur Iv oxide . sulpur oxidation number is 4 and oxygen is -2 so two atoms of oxygen will be required in sulphur Iv oxide , giving SO2. Now get the balanced equation: 2H2S+ SO2= 3S + 2H2O

To find the number of atoms in 130 g of iron (Fe) given that the molar mass of Fe is 65 g/mol, follow these steps: Step Calculate the number of moles Using the formula: Number of moles=mass (g)/molar mass (g/mol). Substituting the values: 130/65= 2moles . and 1 mole contains avogadros number of fe atoms so 2 moles will contain 2 x avogadros number = 2 x (6.022×1023)= 12.044 x 1023 or 1.2044 x 1024

The molecular formula is a simple multiple of the empirical formula: The molecular formula represents the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule, while the empirical formula shows the simplest whole-number ratio of these elements. The molecular formula can be obtained by multiplying the empirical formula by a whole number

Explanation: The balanced equation: N2+3H2→2NH3. Each mole of N2 needs 3 moles of H2. For 3 moles of N2, you need 3×3=9 moles of H2.

Explanation: Reversible reactions can proceed in both the forward and reverse directions depending on conditions, such as temperature and pressure. Other Options: Double decomposition: This describes a specific type of reaction, not the general behavior of reactions under varying conditions. Replacement: Refers to a specific type of reaction where one element replaces another. Oxidation-Reduction: This involves electron transfer and does not imply reversibility in the general sense

Molecular formula or (Molecular mass)/ emperical formula or (emperical mass)=n. the mass of the emperical will be (12 +2+16=30). x/CH2O= n and /30=n. the molecullar mass of the substance has to be a simple multiple of the emperical mass hence the likely answer is 180 giving a molecular formula rof 180/30=6 and 6 x CH2O = C6H12O6 . not here that the information given by the question is not enough to directly solve for the answer but since we know that the molecular mass should be a simple multiple of the emperical mass we need to identify whether the molecular formula is a multiple of the empirical formula. The molecular formula can be derived from the empirical formula by multiplying it by a whole number n n so we divide each of the options by 30 and see which one give a whole number . only 180 gives whole number of 6 hence that is the likely answer here

To calculate the empirical formula of a compound we need the number of moles of each of the elements in the compound. We get the number of moles by dividing the mass of the element by the molar mass or mass onf one mole. Since we are given percentages and not the mass of each element we can assume that the percentage is 100g of the compound so each of the percentages can be taken as grams. so containing 43.4% sodium (Na) will be 43.4g, 11.3% carbon (C) will be 11.3g and , and 45.3% oxygen (O) will be 45.3g. so we this we calculate the number of mole of each by dividing the grams by the molar mass. Sodium 43.4g/23g, Carbon will be 11.3g/12g and oxygen will be 45.3g/16g so the number of moles of sodium, Carbona and oxygen will be 1.89, 0.94 and 2.83 respectively. To get the ratios of the elements will divide by the lowest . so sodium ration will be 1.98/0.94 = 2.0, for carbon it will be 0.94/0.94= 1.0 and for oxygen will be 2.83/0.94=3 . so the simplest ratio of the combining elements is 2:1:3. Na2C1O3 = Na2CO3

1 mole contains avogadro's number of particles or atoms

Answer: 62.5 g/mol. Explanation: Molar mass is calculated using the formula: Molar Mass=mass (g) divided by the number of moles (mol). Substituting the values: Molar Mass=25 g/0.4 mol=62.5 g/mol

What is the correct IUPAC name for NO2-. This is a oxoacid with two oxygen atoms so its name starts with dioxo. The main atom here is nitrogen which ends with -ate; Nitrate. So it is dioxonitrate. Now to determine the oxidation number of the nitrogen which will be added to the name. to get the oxidation number we know the the sum of all the oxidation number must be equal to the charge on the compound. So x +(2 oxygen)=-1. And oxidation number of one oxygen is -2 so two will be -4 hence x+(-4)=-1 and x will be equal to 4-1 so it is 3 . so the name is dioxonitrate(III) ion

The total charge on the compound is -2. There are 2 atoms of X and 7 atoms of oxygen. The oxidation number of oxygen is -2 and that of X is unknown so the equation: the oxidation number of all the atoms in the compound add up to the total charge ofn the compound. Oxidation number of X is x and there are two (2x), and oxidation number of oxygen is -2 and therer are 7 , hence -14. So 2x +(-14)=-2. So 2x=12 and x= 6

Valence refers to the ability of an atom to bond with other atoms, which is determined by the number of electrons in its outer shell (valence shell). It indicates how many bonds an atom can form. For example, carbon has a valence of 4, allowing it to form four bonds. Oxidation Number:Definition: The oxidation number (or oxidation state) represents the charge of an atom in a compound and indicates the degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of that atom. Importance: While it can give insight into how many electrons an atom can gain or lose, it does not directly indicate the number of bonds it can form. Atomic Number: Definition: The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which defines the element. Importance: It does not provide information about bonding capabilities. Electronegativity: Definition: Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons when it is part of a compound. Importance: It influences bond polarity but does not directly indicate the number of bonds that can be formed

These are the steps to take when writing a chemical formula. 1) Determine Charge: Check if the compound should be neutral (most common) or if it's an ion (charged particle). 2) Identify Oxidation Numbers: Know the typical oxidation states of the elements involved. 3) Balance Charges: Combine the elements in a ratio that makes the total charge of the compound zero (for neutral compounds) or matches the specified charge (for ions). So for this question: For example, in Sulphur (IV) has an oxidation number of +4. Oxygenhas an oxidation number of -2 . So to balance the oxidation numbers they combine such as two atoms of oxygen will give -4 to balance the +4 on they combine in a 1:2 ratio to balance out to zero. When balancing the charges and chemical equation remember that In essence, it’s like a puzzle where all pieces must fit perfectly to achieve stability. Alterativelly we can say S4+ combines with O2- . remove the charges and exchange their oxidation numbers so S2O4 . now take this to the smallest ratio by dividing by 2 hence it becomes S1O2 which is SO2. The formula for sulphur(IV) oxide is SO₂. This compound is also known as sulfur dioxide, which is a gas with a pungent, suffocating odor, often associated with volcanic activity.

Let's break down the problem using the concept of combining moles and ratios, which can help clarify how we arrive at the molecular formula. Given Information: The metal M has an atomic mass of 27 g/mol, the chlorine (Cl) has an atomic mass of 35.5 g/mol. The compound consists of 20.22% by mass.. so assuming that the mass of the element is 100g. Step 1: Set Up the Mass Ratio: Let's denote: The formula of the compound MxClx. Step 2: Calculate the Total Molar Mass: Assume the total mass of the compound is 100 g since we were not given hence mass of M will be = 20.22 g and mass of Cl will be = 100 g - 20.22 g = 79.78 g. Step 3: Calculate Moles of Each Element. Calculate moles of M ,  M=20.22 g/27 g/mol≈0.749 moles. Calculate moles of Cl: Moles of Cl=79.78 g/35.5 g/mol≈2.25 moles. Step 4: Determine the Mole Ratio by Dividing both by the smallest number of moles: Ratio of M=0.749/0.749=1 and Ratio of Cl=2.25/0.749≈3 . Step 5: Write the Molecular Formula From the mole ratio: For every 1 mole of M, there are approximately 3 moles of Cl. Thus, the empirical formula is: MCl3

In the naming of acids, the term "base" is not used. Instead, the name of the acid is typically followed by the word "acid" (e.g., sulfuric acid, nitric acid).

A reaction in which two compounds react to produce two different compounds is: Explanation: A double decomposition (or double displacement) reaction involves the exchange of ions between two compounds, resulting in the formation of two new compounds. Other Options: Decomposition: This involves a single compound breaking down into two or more simpler substances, not two compounds reacting. Displacement: This typically refers to one element replacing another in a compound. Oxidation: This is a reaction involving the loss of electrons, not specifically related to two compounds forming different compounds

Displacement. Explanation: A displacement reaction occurs when one element displaces another in a compound. Here, zinc displaces copper from copper sulfate. Other Options: Replacement: This could describe the same concept, but "displacement" is more specific to single-element displacement. Decomposition: Not applicable; no compounds are breaking down. Combustion: Not applicable; there is no reaction with oxygen

The oxidation number of alkali metals (Group 1 elements) is +1, not +2.

First, calculate the molar mass of Na₂CO₃·10H₂O.[(23 x2) + 12 +(16x3) + (10x18)]. So the compound weighs 288g per mol. Now what is the wiegth of 0.105mol. That will be mass of one mol x 0.105 = 30.3g

Answer: Catalysts are changed to new substances after the chemical reaction Explanation: Catalysts remain unchanged at the end of a reaction and can be reused. Other Options: Small quantity of catalysts speed up reaction between large quantities of reactants: This is true; catalysts work in small amounts. Catalysts are specific: This is correct; many catalysts work for specific reactions. Catalysts can be re-used after the reaction: True; catalysts are not consumed

To calculate the empirical formula of a compound we need the number of moles of each of the elements in the compound. We get the number of moles by dividing the mass of the element by the molar mass or mass of one mole. Since we are given percentages and not the mass of each element we can assume that the mass is 100g of the compound which correspondst to 100%.So cu-37.1g, Chlorine will be 41.7g and the remaining is water (100-(41.7+ 37.1))=21.2g. So the number of moles of Cu = 37.1/63 = 0.58moles, and for chlorine will be 41.7g/35.5g =1.2mol and for water will be 21.2/18=1.2. To get the ratios of the elements will divide by the lowest . so 0.58/0.58 for copper = 1 . for chlorine 1.2/0.58=, to nearest whole number is 2 and and 1.2/0.58 for water is 2 . so the simplest ratio of the combining elements is 1:2:2 hence CuCl2.(H2O)2 which is CuCl2.2H2O

Thermal dissociation reaction, Explanation: A thermal dissociation reaction can be influenced by temperature changes, affecting the rates of forward and reverse reactions. Other Options: Catalysed reaction: Involves catalysts that change the rate but are not solely temperature-dependent. Exothermic reaction: This type of reaction releases heat but does not necessarily relate to the forward or backward direction specifically. Endothermic reaction: This absorbs heat but also does not define the rate dependency

Hydrocarbon contains Carbon and Hydrogen. CH. If the hydrocarbon is 80% C then the remaining 20% is H. so assuming the hydrocarbon is 100g the carbon is 80g and the hydrogen is 20g. so the emperical formula is 80/12 (6.6) for carbon and 20/1 (20) for hydrogen. To ge the ratio of carbon and hydrogen, we divide by the lowest so 6.6/6.6 =1 and 20/6.6=3. So the emperical formula is C1H3 (CH3). Now that we know the emperical formula and the mass of one mole ( the molecular mass) we can solve for the molecular formula using the equation : molecular formula/emperical formula =n because the division of the molecular mass by the emperical mass will also give n. if the emperical formula is CH3 then the mass will be 12+ 3 = 15. . so the n will be 30/15=2 . . so molecular formula = 2 x CH3= C2H6

These are the steps to take when writing a chemical formula. 1) Determine Charge: Check if the compound should be neutral (most common) or if it's an ion (charged particle). 2) Identify Oxidation Numbers: Know the typical oxidation states of the elements involved. 3) Balance Charges: Combine the elements in a ratio that makes the total charge of the compound zero (for neutral compounds) or matches the specified charge (for ions). So for this question: For example, in FeS: Iron(II) has an oxidation number of +2. Sulfur has an oxidation number of -2 since its group 6 or 16. So to balance the oxidation numbers they combine They combine in a 1:1 ratio to balance out to zero. FeS

Correct equation: Zn+2HCl→ZnCl2+H2. Explanation: Zinc atoms: 1 on both sides. Chlorine atoms: 2 on both sides. Hydrogen atoms: 2 on both sides

The molar mass of carbon is 12 g, while the molar mass of oxygen is 16 g. Therefore, oxygen is heavier than carbon. The molar masses are different (12 g for carbon and 16 g for oxygen), so they do not have similar weights. However The number of atoms in 12 g of carbon is the same as the number of atoms in 16 g of oxygen. Since 1 mole of any substance contain same avodagro number of particles regardless of the molar mass

Ans= Sulphur is in excess of 3g . The reaction between iron and sulfur to form iron(II) sulfide (FeS) can be represented as:. Fe+S= FeS. Since the oxidation number of Fe is 2 and the valency fo sulphur is -2 the two cancel out hence the compound formed is one atom of Fe combines with one atom of S to form one mole of FeS. . Molar mass of Fe: 56 g/mol and Molar mass of S: 32 g/mol. So the number of moles of Fe will be Moles of Fe: 21 g/56 g/mol≈0.375mol and the number of moles of S will be 15 g/32 g/mol≈0.469 . The stoichiometry of the reaction shows a 1:1 ratio. Thus:Iron is the limiting reactant (0.375 mol), and sulfur is in excess. So we substract the limiting reactant value from the higher concentrated reactant 0.469 -0.375= 0.094mol. Now the excess g will be mol x molar mass = 0.094 x 32 = 3.0g

Na is metal with oxidation umber of 1, B is x and NO3- is 4 so NO3 charge will be -1 x 4= -4. The total compound is neutral ie the charge is zero. So Na charge+ boron charge+ nitrate charge=0. So 1+x+(-4)= 0 , x-3=0 and x=3

to get the simplest ration divide the lowerest subscript by all the other subscript and itself and convert to nearest whole number

To determine the oxidation number of iodine in the ion IO3−(iodate ion), follow these steps: Step 1: Assign Known Oxidation Numbers, Oxygen (O) typically has an oxidation number of -2. Step 2: Set Up the Equation : Let the oxidation number of iodine (I) be x. and there are three oxygen atoms, each with an oxidation number of -2 each. Step 3: Write the Equation The sum of oxidation numbers in the ion must equal the charge of the ion, which is -1: so x+3(−2)=−1 . Step 4: Simplify the Equation : x−6=−1. Step 5: Solve for x, x= +5

Combination reaction: Explanation: A combination reaction occurs when two or more substances combine to form a single product. Here, hydrogen and chlorine combine to form hydrogen chloride

To calculate the empirical formula of a compound we need the number of moles of each of the elements in the compound. We get the number of moles by dividing the mass of the element by the molar mass or mass onf one mole. Since we are given percentages and not the mass of each element we can assume that the percentage is 100g of the compound so each of the percentages can be taken as grams. so containing 70% iron(Fe) will be 70g, and 30% oxygen (O) will be 30g. so we this we calculate the number of mole of each by dividing the grams by the molar mass. For Fe 70/56g, and and oxygen will be 30g/16g so the number of moles Fe and oxygen will be 1.41 and 1.31 respectively. To get the ratios of the elements will divide by the lowest . so 1.41/1.31 so the ratio for Fe is 1.07, to nearest whole number is 1 and and 1.31/1.31 for oxygen is 1 . so the simplest ratio of the combining elements is 1:1 hence FeO

To calculate the number of moles of carbon in 56 grams, you can use the formula, we divide the 56g by the mass of one mole. The mass of one mole is 12 so the. Given: Mass of carbon (C) = 56 g and Molar mass of carbon (C) = 12 g/mol. The number of moles is 4.7

By definition, 1 mole of any substance contains 6.022×1023 particles (Avogadro's number). Therefore, the number of particles is the same for both

1 mole: Contains approximately 6.022×10236.022 times 10^{23}6.022×1023 particles (Avogadro's number). The mass of 1 mole of a substance is equal to its molar mass (in grams). 1 molecule: The mass of a single molecule varies based on the substance, but it is significantly smaller than a mole. 1 atom: Similar to a molecule, the mass of a single atom depends on the element. It is measured in atomic mass units (amu), with 1 amu being about 1.66×10−271.66 kg. 1 ion: Like an atom, the mass of a single ion also depends on the element and its charge, but it is usually similar to that of its corresponding atom. 1 mole has the largest mass because it contains a vast number of particles (about 6.022×1023, making its mass equal to the molar mass of the substance in grams, which is significantly larger than the mass of a single atom, molecule, or ion

Correct equation: 2Na+2H2O→2NaOH+H2 Explanation: Sodium atoms: 2 on both sides. Hydrogen atoms: 4 on both sides (2 from H2O and 2 from H2). Oxygen atoms: 2 on both sides

Monoxide: This term refers to a compound containing one oxygen atom, but it is not related to acids. Oxoacid: Correct. An oxoacid is an acid that contains oxygen, hydrogen, and another element (usually a nonmetal). Examples include sulfuric acid (H2SO4, and nitric acid (HNO3), Hydroxide: This term refers to a compound containing the hydroxyl group (OH−), such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and is not specifically an acid that contains oxygen. Diacid: This term generally refers to an acid that can donate two protons (H⁺ ions), such as sulfuric acid (H2SO4). While diacids may contain oxygen, the term does not specifically denote that oxygen is present.

Correct equation: C3H8+5O2→3CO2+4H2O. Explanation: Carbon atoms: 3 on both sides.Hydrogen atoms: 8 on both sides. Oxygen atoms: 10 on reactant side (5×2) and 10 on product side (3×2+4)

The name of the metal comes first: In a binary compound, the metal (usually a cation) is named first, followed by the non-metal (anion). The name of the non-metal comes after the name of the metal: This is consistent with the naming convention for binary compounds, where the non-metal is named after the metal. The name of the metal ends with -ide: Not Correct. The name of the metal does not typically end with -ide. Instead, the non-metal's name is modified to end with -ide. For example, in sodium chloride (NaCltext{NaCl}NaCl), sodium is the metal, and it remains "sodium," while chlorine becomes "chloride.". Exceptions to name ending in -ide is H2O, which is water, ammonium(NH4+) and phosphine (Ph3)

Limiting Reactant Concept: The limiting reactant is the substance that is entirely consumed first in a chemical reaction, thus limiting the amount of product that can be formed. In this scenario, if there is a remnant of B after the reaction, it indicates that A was completely consumed. Once A is used up, the reaction stops, leaving excess B. Therefore, since A was consumed completely before B, A is indeed the limiting reactant

A catalyst speeds up a reaction without being consumed in the process, allowing it to be used repeatedly

First is to get the correct balanced equation. First Hydrogen sulphide is H2S and sulphur Iv oxide . sulpur oxidation number is 4 and oxygen is -2 so two atoms of oxygen will be required in sulphur Iv oxide , giving SO2. Now get the balanced equation: 2H2S+ SO2= 3S + 2H2O, then based on the equation determine the stoichiometry i.e the number of mols of each element of compound. So 2 mole of H2S combines with 1 mole of SO2 to give 3 moles of sulphur and 2 moles of water. So based on this 1 mole of SO2 gives 3 moles of sulphur . how many moles of Sulphur is in 12g : 12/32= 0.375. so if one mole of sulphur IV oxide gives 3 moles of Sulphur how many moles of sulphur IV oxide will give 0.375 moles of sulphur: 0.375/3=0.125

to get the simplest ration divide the lowerest subscript by all the other subscript and itself and convert to nearest whole number

First, find the number of moles of silver: number of moles = mass/molar mass: 35/108=0.324mol. we know that one mole contains avogadro’s number of atoms (6.02 x 1023) so 0.324mols will contain 0.324 muliplied by the avogadro’s number = 1.95 x1023