Posted inunclassified Chemistry: Air and Air pollution Posted by By Agodirin January 17, 2025 Report a question What's wrong with this question? You cannot submit an empty report. Please add some details. 7 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950 Created by Agodirin Chemistry: Air and Air Pollution 1 / 50 1. 16_air_when air is passed through lime water and then alkaline pyrogallol what components will be removed A) oxygen and noble gases B) carbondioxide and oxygen C) nitrogen and water vapour D) Nitrogen and carbondioxide Lime water (calcium hydroxide) reacts with carbon dioxide to form calcium carbonate, thus removing CO₂. Alkaline pyrogallol further absorbs oxygen. Therefore, both CO₂ and O₂ are removed from the air 2 / 50 2. 14_air_which of the following will remove carbondioxide from air A) potassium hydroxide B) calcium chloride C) potassium chloride D) sodium chloride Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is a strong base that reacts with carbon dioxide (CO₂) to form potassium carbonate. This makes it effective for absorbing CO₂ from the air. The other substances listed do not have this property. 3 / 50 3. 38_air_which of the following is not true about carbonmonoxide A) it is colorless B) its an air pollutant C) it dissolves in blood as poison D) it smells like rotten egg Carbon monoxide is odorless and colorless, making it particularly dangerous as it cannot be detected by smell. The "rotten egg" smell is characteristic of hydrogen sulfide, not carbon monoxide 4 / 50 4. 20_air_which of the following is used in aerodrome beacons because it penetrates fog A) oxygen B) nitrogen C) neon D) helium Neon is often used in lighting for aerodrome beacons because its bright light can penetrate fog, making it visible even in poor weather conditions. 5 / 50 5. 24_air_which of the following is not an impurity in air A) carbonmonoxide(CO) B) noble gase C) soot(fine carbon particles) D) Silicon oxide (sand particls) Noble gases (like helium, neon, argon) are naturally occurring in the atmosphere and are not considered impurities 6 / 50 6. 18_air_when air is passed through a tube fused with calcium chloride the component that is absorbed is A) oxygen B) Carbondioxide C) water vapour D) nitrogen Calcium chloride is a hygroscopic substance, meaning it readily absorbs water vapor from the air. Therefore, when air passes through it, water vapor is absorbed. 7 / 50 7. 46_air_examples of air pollutants that cause acid rain and blacking of building paints is A) carbonmonoxide (CO) B) hydrogen sulphide C) Silicon oxide (sand particls) D) freon Hydrogen sulfide can contribute to acid rain formation and is known for its corrosive properties, which can damage building materials. Other pollutants that also contribute to acid rain include sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, but hydrogen sulfide is a notable example 8 / 50 8. 15_air_When air is passed through caustic potash and then alkaline pyrogallol what components will be left remaining A) Noble gases B) oxygen and carbondioxide C) nitrogen and noble gases D) ni and oxygen Caustic potash (potassium hydroxide) absorbs CO₂, and alkaline pyrogallol absorbs O₂. Therefore, after passing air through both, only nitrogen and noble gases would remain, as they do not react with these substances. 9 / 50 9. 44_air_A situation where there is excess impurities in a substance is called A) pollution B) green house effect C) global warming D) ozone depletion Pollution refers to the introduction of harmful substances or contaminants into the environment, resulting in adverse effects on living organisms and the ecosystem. The other options (greenhouse effect, ozone depletion, global warming) refer to specific environmental issues rather than a general state of impurity. 10 / 50 10. 12_air_which of the following turns lime water milky A) hydrogen B) neon C) Carbondioxide D) oxygen When carbon dioxide is bubbled through lime water, it reacts to form calcium carbonate, which is insoluble and causes the solution to turn milky. 11 / 50 11. 32_air_which of the following is not a delinquescent compound A) calcium chloride B) sodium chloride C) sodium hydroxide D) potassium hydroxide Sodium chloride (table salt) is hygroscopic but not deliquescent; it does not absorb enough moisture to dissolve in it. In contrast, sodium hydroxide and calcium chloride are examples of deliquescent substances. 12 / 50 12. 19_air_which of the following is not a noble gas A) argon B) helium C) nitrogen D) neon Nitrogen is not a noble gas; it is a diatomic molecule that makes up a significant portion of the atmosphere. Noble gases include helium, argon, and neon, which are unreactive under standard conditions. 13 / 50 13. 26_air_which of the following is not correct about air A) the composition of carbondioxide increases when air dissolves in water B) the composition of nitrogen increases when air dissolves in water C) the percentage of oxygen increases when air dissolves in water because oxygen is more soluble than nitrogen D) the stagnant water contains more oxygen than air because of the photosynthetic activities of acquatic plant When air dissolves in water, the solubility of oxygen is greater than that of nitrogen, so the concentration of nitrogen does not increase. 14 / 50 14. 50_air_The uncovered raw food that is sold along major roads ia likely to contain some amount of A) Ag B) Pb C) Cu D) Na Uncovered raw food sold along major roads is likely to contain some amount of lead (Pb) due to air pollution from vehicle emissions. Lead can accumulate on food exposed to the atmosphere, particularly in urban areas with heavy traffic. Other options like silver (Ag), copper (Cu), and sodium (Na) are less likely to be contaminants from air pollution in this contex 15 / 50 15. 49_air_which of the following causes the depletion or destruction of the ozone layer A) hydrogen sulphide((H2S) B) carbondioxide C) chlorofluorocarbon D) carbon monoxide Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are man-made compounds that release chlorine when they break down in the atmosphere, leading to the destruction of ozone molecules in the ozone layer. Carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide do not contribute to ozone depletion. 16 / 50 16. 33_air_which of the following is hygroscopic A) NaCl B) KOH C) NaOH D) CaCl2 Calcium chloride is well-known for its hygroscopic properties, meaning it can absorb moisture from the air. While NaCl (sodium chloride) and NaOH (sodium hydroxide) are also hygroscopic, CaCl₂ is particularly effective at moisture absorption. 17 / 50 17. 47_air_an example of polluntant from gaseous hydrocarbon is A) freon B) argon C) hydrogen sulphide D) neon Freon, a refrigerant, is a halocarbon that can be released into the atmosphere from various sources, contributing to air pollution. It is derived from gaseous hydrocarbons, while argon and neon are inert gases and do not form pollutants. 18 / 50 18. 27_air_the air boiled out of water is richer in which of the following A) nitrogen and noble gases B) oxygen and carbondioxide C) noble cases and oxygen D) nitrogen and carbondioxide The air that escapes when water is boiled primarily consists of nitrogen and noble gases, as oxygen and CO₂ are less soluble in water compared to nitrogen. 19 / 50 19. 9_air_which of the following processes does not add carbondioxide to the atmosphere A) combustion of fuel B) decaying of dead animals C) respiration in animals D) lightening Lightning does not produce carbon dioxide; instead, it can cause nitrogen fixation. The other processes listed—respiration, combustion, and decay—do release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 20 / 50 20. 45_air_whiich of the following is not one of the major types of pollusion A) air B) soil C) land D) water 21 / 50 21. 5_air_Which of the following gases in air supports burning/combustion A) water vapour B) Nitrogen C) Noble gases D) oxygen Oxygen is essential for combustion. It reacts with fuel to produce heat and light. Noble gases do not support combustion, while nitrogen and water vapor do not contribute to the burning process. 22 / 50 22. 41_air_which of the following is used in the coolant of refrigerators and air-conditioners A) boron B) argon C) freon D) neon Freon is a brand name for a class of chemicals known as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) that are commonly used as refrigerants in air conditioning and refrigeration systems. Neon and argon are noble gases that are not used for this purpose, while boron is a metalloid used in different applications 23 / 50 23. 30_air_A substance whche when exposed to air absrobs water but remains solid is A) efflorescent B) deliquescent C) hygroscopic D) sublimate Hygroscopic substances can absorb moisture from the air without dissolving. They remain solid while taking up water vapor. Deliquescent substances, in contrast, absorb moisture and dissolve to form a solution. 24 / 50 24. 22_air_the mixture of gas used in phographers flash tube for high speed pictures is A) helium and neon B) boron and argon C) argon and xenon D) krypton and xenon Krypton and xenon are used in flash tubes because they produce a very bright light when electrically charged, ideal for high-speed photography. 25 / 50 25. 11_air_which of the following is lime water A) calcium chloride B) sodiun hydroxide C) sodium chloride D) calcium hydroxide Lime water is a saturated solution of calcium hydroxide. It is used in various applications, including the detection of carbon dioxide. 26 / 50 26. 23_air_which of the following is not a major impurity in air A) carbon monoxide(CO) B) hydrogen sulphide((H2S) C) carbondioxide (CO2) D) sulphur dioxde(SO2) Carbon dioxide is a natural and essential component of air, while sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide are considered pollutants or impurities. 27 / 50 27. 40_air_excess of which of the following in air causes global warming A) hydrogen sulphide((H2S) B) soot and silicon oxide C) carbonmonoxide (CO) D) carbondioxide Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is a major greenhouse gas. Its increased concentration in the atmosphere contributes significantly to global warming by trapping heat. 28 / 50 28. 10_air_which fo the following solution can be used to detect the presence of carbondioxide A) kerosene B) alkaline pyrogallol C) sodium chloride D) lime water Lime water (calcium hydroxide solution) reacts with carbon dioxide to form calcium carbonate, which turns the solution milky, indicating the presence of carbon dioxide. 29 / 50 29. 36_air_which of the following is the most dangerous and poisonous air pollutant A) hydrogen sulphide B) carbonmonoxide C) silicon oxide(sand particles) D) carbon (soot) Carbon monoxide (CO) is highly toxic and can be lethal even in small concentrations. It binds to hemoglobin in the blood more effectively than oxygen, preventing oxygen transport 30 / 50 30. 34_air_Which of the following compounds is efflorescent A) sodium chloride B) calcium oxide C) hydrated sodium cabonate D) iron chloride Efflorescent substances lose water to the air and can become powdery as they dry out. Hydrated sodium carbonate, when exposed to air, can release its water of crystallization, making it efflorescent. 31 / 50 31. 8_air_during an experiment, a solution that can be used to detect the presence of oxygen in air is A) kerosene B) sodium chloride C) lime water D) alkaline pyrogallol Alkaline pyrogallol absorbs oxygen, making it a suitable reagent for detecting the presence of oxygen in air. None of the other substances listed are used for this purpose 32 / 50 32. 28_air_A substance which when exposed to air loses water and weight is A) hygroscopic B) sublimate C) efflorescent D) deliquescent Efflorescent substances lose water when exposed to air, resulting in a decrease in weight. 33 / 50 33. 7_air_What volume of air would be required for the complete combustion of 15.5g of phosphorus to phosphorus (V) oxide at S.T.P[O=16, P=31, Air is 20% oxygen by volume. Molar volume of gas at stp is 22.4dm3 A) 90dm3 B) 56dm3 C) 70dm3 D) 40dm3 First find the volume of oxygen required for buring the phosporus. First write a balance equation 4P +5O2=2P2O5 . So from the balanced (4x31) =124 phosphorus requirs (5x 22.4)=112dm3 of oxygen. So 15.5gram of phosphorus will require14dm3 of oxygen. Now to get the volume of air that contains 14dm3 of oxygen . we know the air is 20% oxygen. So the volume of air that will contain 14 dm3 of oxygen will be (14x100)/20=70dm3 of air 34 / 50 34. 35_air_which of the following is not correct A) delinquescent substances are used as drying agent B) hygroscopic liquids are used as drying agent C) efflorescent substances are used as drying agent D) calcium oxide is hygroscopic Calcium oxide (quicklime) is not hygroscopic; it is actually a strong desiccant that reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide. It is often used to absorb moisture but does not retain it like hygroscopic substances. 35 / 50 35. 31_air_which of the following is not correct about delinquescent compound A) they gain weight when exposed to air B) an example is sodium hydroxide C) an example is calcium chloride D) they become solid when exposed to air Deliquescent compounds absorb moisture from the air and dissolve in it, forming a liquid solution. They do not become solid; rather, they turn into a solution. For example, calcium chloride and sodium hydroxide are deliquescent. 36 / 50 36. 6_air_When a burning candle is placed in an enclosed space, the candle goes out when which of the following gases is used up A) noble gases B) Nitrogen C) Carbondioxide D) oxygen A candle requires oxygen to sustain combustion. As the oxygen in the enclosed space is consumed, the candle will extinguish once the oxygen level falls below the required concentration for combustion. 37 / 50 37. 3_air_Which of the following is not a natural constituent of the air/atmospheric air A) Noble gases B) Nitrogen C) carbondioxide D) Hydrogen While hydrogen is present in trace amounts in the atmosphere, it is not considered a major natural constituent like nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and noble gases. The primary components of air are nitrogen, oxygen, and noble gases. 38 / 50 38. 13_air_which of the following is caustic potash A) calcium carbonate B) sodium chloride C) calcium hydroxide D) potassium hydroxide Caustic potash is the common name for potassium hydroxide (KOH), a strong alkaline substance used in various chemical applications. 39 / 50 39. 48_air_the gas that is present in the atmosphere and protect humans from the excess solar irradiation is A) freon B) carbondioxide C) nitrogen D) ozone Ozone in the stratosphere absorbs harmful UV radiation from the Sun, protecting living organisms, including humans, from its damaging effects. Carbon dioxide does not provide this protective function, and freon is not naturally present in the atmosphere. 40 / 50 40. 29_air_A substance which when exposed to air absorbs water and becomes solution is A) hygroscopic B) hydrated C) delinquescent D) efflorescent Deliquescent substances absorb moisture from the air and can dissolve in the absorbed water, forming a solution. 41 / 50 41. 43_air_Climate change that occurs from excess CO2 in air leading to excess radiation retention around the earth is called A) yellow house effect B) green house effect C) white house effect D) black house effect The greenhouse effect refers to the process by which certain gases (greenhouse gases) trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to a rise in Earth's average temperature. This effect is primarily caused by increased levels of CO₂ and other gases due to human activities. 42 / 50 42. 21_air_which of the following is used in gas filled electric bulbs A) helum B) argon C) boron D) water vapour Argon is commonly used in gas-filled electric bulbs because it is inert and prevents the filament from oxidizing, thereby prolonging the life of the bulb. 43 / 50 43. 2_air_Which of the following is not correct about the composition of air A) carbondioxyde (Co2)is 10% B) Oxygen is 20% C) Noble gases is 1% D) Nitrogen is 78% The composition of air is approximately 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and about 0.04% carbon dioxide. The statement that carbon dioxide is 10% is incorrect. 44 / 50 44. 1_air_Which of the following is the most abundant gas in air/atmosphere A) Nitrogen B) Oxygen C) Noble gases D) Carbondioxide Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere by volume, making it the most abundant gas. Oxygen follows at approximately 21%, while noble gases and carbon dioxide constitute much smaller fractions. 45 / 50 45. 4_air_Which of the following is not a natural component of the air/atmosphere A) Nitrogen B) carbonmonoxide (CO) C) water vapour D) Noble gases Carbon monoxide is typically produced by incomplete combustion of carbon-containing fuels and is not a natural component of the atmosphere in significant amounts. Water vapor, nitrogen, and noble gases are naturally occurring in the atmosphere 46 / 50 46. 37_air_which of the following air pollutants comes from sewage A) silicon oxide B) soot(fine carbon particles) C) hydrogen sulphide D) carbonmonoxide Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is often produced through the decomposition of organic matter in sewage and can be released into the air, producing a characteristic rotten egg smell. 47 / 50 47. 25_air_Which of the following is not a reason why air is regarded as a mixture rather than a compound A) there is no chemical formula for air B) the constituents can be separated by fractional distillation or physical methods C) the concentration of the gases in air changes from place to place due to humidity D) air contains oxygen The presence of oxygen does not define air as a mixture. The key reasons include the ability to separate its components and the varying concentrations of gases. 48 / 50 48. 42_air_what layer of the atmosphere protects the earth from solar irradiation A) ozone layer B) green layer C) freon layer D) black layer The ozone layer, located in the stratosphere, absorbs the majority of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation, providing protection for living organisms on Earth. The other options (green, black, freon layers) do not exist in this context. 49 / 50 49. 17_air_All the following substances can be used to remove water vapour from air except A) sodium chloride B) sodium hydroxide C) potassium hydroxide D) calcium chloride Sodium chloride (table salt) is not hygroscopic and does not effectively absorb water vapor from the air compared to the other substances listed, like calcium chloride and potassium hydroxide. 50 / 50 50. 39_air_which of the following dissolve in rain to form acid rain A) carbonmonoxide(CO) and carbonmonoxide B) soot and silicon oxide C) oxygen and Nitrogen D) hydrogen sulphide and Nitrogen (IV) oxide Both hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂, which can form nitrogen (IV) oxide) can dissolve in rainwater to form acids, contributing to acid rain. CO does not form acid rain directly. 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